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Step By Step Guide to Locate Australian Mobile Phone Towers

Follow each step below to find which towers have 3G, next5G and 4G Mobile Broadband services installed.

Search for cell towers using ACMA

Using Google Earth and information available from the a number of online tools such as the Register of Radiocommunications Licenses searchable from the Australian Communications and Media Authority's Radcom website.
- Find location of Cell Tower's that service your area.
- Examine the details of these service such as : Antenna Height, Azimuth, Tilt Angle, Transmit Power.
- Filter in towers that are 3G or 4G only, towers that have a particular carriers equipment installed. e.g. Telstra Optus, Vodafone NBN co.
- Examine 4G services for MIMO configuration.

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(basically any browser apart from Internet Explorer)






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Step 1.  Using Google Earth

If not already installed, download and install Google earth from the Google Earth Download page.
Hint: To speed up the download, exclude Google Chrome by unchecking the checkboxes.
Google Earth will be used to view satellite and land contour images of your location.
You'll be able to view the hills and mountains and plot a line of site path between a marker at your location to a marker at the cell tower location.
   
Fly to Your location
Find your GPS coordinates & mark your location
GoogleEarth settings GoogleEarth Your location

1.1   Google Earth >> Tools >> Options
 - Configure to display Latitude and Longitude in Decimal Degrees.
 - Stop GE from automatically tilting the view as it zooms.


TIPS:
A. In Win 7, use the [windows] + [left/reight arrow] key combination to
    auto-scale and locate the active window to a split screen.
B. Right-mouse-click the Place maker, to bring up the options
    and access its properties.(On a Mac: Get Info)

1.2   Drop a marker at your location.
1 - Paste the Lat/Long coordinates, Press [Search].

2 - Drop a marker near your location and drag it to
     the exact position your antenna will me mounted.
     [Add], [Place mark].
     Name your Place marker for future reference.

3 - Highlight the Coordinates without the "°" and to copy to the
     notes box, as shown above.
     This can make for easy copy/paste in a later step. 

   

Save My Places 1.3 Leave Google Earth open.
You'll be using this later, so minimize or re-size without closing it.
 

1.4  Save your work.
Its a good idea save your place-mark by clicking
"Save my Places" on the "File, Save" menu of Google Earth.
This saves all your work in Google Earth, so if your PC or Google Earth crashes while your doing this research, you wont need to start all over again.

 

1.5  Alternatively , E-mail or Save the KMZ file in Google Earth.

A. Drop a Place mark at your location
B. Right mouse click on the Place mark.
C. Select "Save Place As" or  "E-mail".   

Notes:
The ACMA uses AGD66 datum formatted coordinates whereas the coordinates accepted by Google Earth use WGS84. The an AGD66 coor'd is about 200m south east of WGS84.


 


Step 2.  Check your Carriers Coverage Map

 

Telstra Example


Vodafone Example


Telstra Coverage Map Example Vodafone coverage map example

2.1   Check your telco's coverage.
a. Check the Telstra, Optus and Vodafone coverage maps.
b. Copy and Paste your coordinates from Google Earth.
 -  Telstra Coverage Maps accept Lat/Long or street address. 

2.2    Coverage estimate for your location.
 -  Vodafone and Optus Maps allow only valid street address.

2.3   Zoom Out to get the big picture.
 -  Zoom in/out to get an idea of where the Cell Towers are located.

TIP: Enable POP-UPS in your web-browser for onwireless.com.au to view all the content such as the Mobile Coverage Maps.

  

Step 3.  How to Search the ACMA RADCOM Website

Find Cell Tower Services and Locations

The ACMA / RADCOM website has been updated with improved search functions.
You can now search for Mobile phone towers near your location by Latitude/Longitude or Post code.
The Results can be filtered by Emissions Designator, Client Name (e.g. Telstra), Frequency and much more.
Click here to open the ACMA/RADCOM website new window

   
Fly to Your location on the search Map
Filter/Refine the results
acma.gov.au
  Register of Radiocommunications Licenses
ACMA-RADCOM
acma.gov.au
  Register of Radiocommunications Licenses
ACMA-RADCOM

3.1  Enter your GPS coordinates.
 a. Click the Zoom to Lat/Long or Post code drop down menu.
 b. Select Lat/Long Decimal, (see now the reason for Step 1.1 above)
 c. Copy the Lat/Long coordinates from Google Earth into the boxes.
 d. Press GO!
 


Table 1.
Use this data to refine your search
3G Bands   Emissions Designators Common Name
Low Frequency
High Frequency
Telstra/Bigpond nextG
14M9G7W
14M9W7W
9M90W7W
9M90G7WEC
9M40W7WEC
4M90G7WEC
850MHz
824 MHz 890 MHz
Vodafone 3G
 4M80G7W--
Vodafone 3G+   TBA
Optus, Virgin 3G 3M84G7W
900MHz
880 MHz 960 MHz
Vodafone 3G  3M99G7W
         

 

Telstra 3G
3M84F9W
9M90G7WEC
4M90G7WEC
2100MHz 1920 MHz 2170 MHz
Optus  3G 9M68G7W--
3M84G7W--
Vodafone 3G 14M9G7WEC
         
4G Bands   Emissions Designators Common Name
Low Frequency
High Frequency

Telstra 4G FDD 1800

15M0W7D
13M5W7D
9M90W7D
10M0W7D
5M00W7D
9M90W7DEW
1800MHz
1710 MHz 1880 MHz
Vodafone 4G 1800
 TBA
Optus 4G FDD 1800   10M0W7D--
Telstra 4G LTE-Advanced  TBA 900MHz
880 MHz 960 MHz
  
 
         

Optus  4G TDD 2300

 20M0W7W-- 2300MHz 2302 MHz 2400 MHz
 
       

 

3.2  Filter the site results.
 a. Click the Filter Sites (Filter in Use) drop down menu.
 b. Select the By Assignments tab.
 
c. Press  
Update Map!

3.3 Filter Sites having Assignments usage.

With Clients where:
[Any Details] [matches] [your carrier]

[your carrier] would be Telstra, Optus, Vodafone etc.

With Licenses where: [not needed, leave blank]

With Assignments/Device Registrations where:
[Emissions Designator] [matches] [optional- blank]
If you wish to filter by Emissions Designator [optional- blank] would be 'Em Des'. Otherwise leave blank. This is handy to isolate certain services such as Optus 4G LTE 1800MHz services only.
[see Table 1.]

By Assignment/Device Registration Frequency range:
Low Frequency: [see table below] [MHz]
High Frequency: [see table below] [MHz]
 

3.4 View the Site Summary, Locate tower in Google Earth.

a. Zoom and drag the map to find cell tower locations.

b. Click on the site marker to show the Site Summary bubble.

c. Right Mouse click on [Site Details] to Open Link in New Tab

Site Details

3.5  View the exact Cell Tower Site using Google Earth

Site bubble in ACMA radcom
Save ACMA site as klm Site details in Googleearth
3.5.1 - Click on the blue site marker
3.5.2 - Select [Open with] to automatically
open the site location in Google Earth
3.5.3 - View the site in Google earth

Example Search - ACMA/RADCOM Website




This example highlights a tower with Telstra 4G LTE MIMO service:
  • Two sets of Telstra services (2 sets of three Rx and sets of three Tx) between 1710-1880 MHz.
  • These have Emissions Designators for 4G LTE of 15M0W7D and 5M00W7D.
  • Each set of Rx and Tx antennas are at the same Azimuths, thus servicing the same areas.
    Reference: ACMA

Shown below is a modified extract from the ACMA RADCOM Site Details page for the GILSTON cell tower. Intended as an example only.
Explanatory notes have been added to the right.
Click any of the live links below for more info (subject to change without notice)


acma.gov.au
Register of Radiocommunications Licenses

Site Details

Site ID 132418
Name Telstra/Optus Site 771 Gilston Rd GILSTON
Location GILSTON QLD 4211
AMG Zone 56
AMG Easting 528864
AMG Northing 6898105
Precision Within 10 metres
Latitude -28 02 31
Longitude 153 17 37
License Fee Density High Density Area

 

Assignments at this Site
Results 1 - 38 of 38 assignments. Sorted by Frequency.
ID Frequency Emission Designator Client License No Info from ID Details
BAND  Azimuth Rx/Tx Ch#  

9301189 840 MHz 9M90G7W Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263433 Telstra nextG (3G)  850 RECEIVE 1  
9301190 840 MHz 9M90G7W Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263433 Telstra nextG (3G) 850 100° RECEIVE 1  
9301191 840 MHz 9M90G7W Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263433 Telstra nextG (3G) 850 240°
RECEIVE 1  
9317166 885 MHz 9M90G7W Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263433 Telstra nextG (3G)  850 TRANSMIT 1  
9317167 885 MHz 9M90G7W Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263433 Telstra nextG (3G) 850 100° TRANSMIT 1  
9317168 885 MHz 9M90G7W Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263433 Telstra nextG (3G) 850 240° TRANSMIT 1  
1378019-1376147 894.2 MHz 8M40G7E Telstra Corporation Ltd 1136417            
1390239-1382257 902.6 MHz 8M40G7E Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1136358            
5005250-1389764 902.6 MHz 3M84G7W Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1136358            
1378018-1376147 939.2 MHz 8M40G7E Telstra Corporation Ltd 1136417            
5005249-1389764 947.6 MHz 3M84G7W Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1136358            
1390238-1382257 947.6 MHz 8M40G7E Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1136358            
9361211 1.7175 GHz 15M0W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263447 Telstra 4G LTE FD 1800 RECEIVE
1  
9361215 1.7175 GHz 15M0W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263447 Telstra 4G LTE FD  1800 240° RECEIVE
1  
9361213 1.7175 GHz 15M0W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263447 Telstra 4G LTE FD  1800 100° RECEIVE
1  
9361221 1.7275 GHz 5M00W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263496 Telstra 4G LTE FD 1800 RECEIVE
2  
9361219 1.7275 GHz 5M00W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263496 Telstra 4G LTE FD 1800 240° RECEIVE
2  
9361217 1.7275 GHz 5M00W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263496 Telstra 4G LTE FD 1800 100° RECEIVE
2  
9364617 1.7625 GHz 15M0W7D Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 9263448 Optus 4G LTE FD 1800   RECEIVE 1  
9364618 1.7625 GHz 15M0W7D Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 9263448 Optus 4G LTE FD  1800   RECEIVE 1  
9364616 1.7625 GHz 15M0W7D Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 9263448 Optus 4G LTE FD  1800   RECEIVE 1  
9361212 1.8125 GHz 15M0W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263447 Telstra 4G LTE FD 1800 TRANSMIT 1  
9361214 1.8125 GHz 15M0W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263447 Telstra 4G LTE FD
1800 240° TRANSMIT 1  
9361216 1.8125 GHz 15M0W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263447 Telstra 4G LTE FD 1800 100° TRANSMIT 1  
9361220 1.8225 GHz 5M00W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263496 Telstra 4G LTE FD 1800 TRANSMIT 2  
9361222 1.8225 GHz 5M00W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263496 Telstra 4G LTE FD 1800 240° TRANSMIT 2  
9361218 1.8225 GHz 5M00W7D Telstra Corporation Ltd 9263496 Telstra 4G LTE FD  1800 100° TRANSMIT 2  
9366733 1.8575 GHz 15M0W7D Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 9263448 Optus 4G LTE FD 
 
1800   TRANSMIT 1  
9366732 1.8575 GHz 15M0W7D Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 9263448 Optus 4G LTE FD 
 
1800   TRANSMIT 1  
9366734 1.8575 GHz 15M0W7D Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 9263448 Optus 4G LTE FD  1800   TRANSMIT 1  
9065059 1.9574 GHz 3M84G7W-- Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1137940            
9065060 1.9574 GHz 3M84G7W-- Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1137940            
9047127 1.9574 GHz 3M84G7W-- Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1137940            
9028537 2.1474 GHz 3M84G7W-- Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1137941            
9064827 2.1474 GHz 3M84G7W-- Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1137941            
9147841 2.1474 GHz 3M84G7W-- Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1137941            
8396565-8452227 14.683 GHz 28M0D7W Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1970368            
8396567-8452233 15.327 GHz 28M0D7W Optus Mobile Pty Ltd 1970368            
 
   

Click Here to open the ACMA / RADCOM Search website in a new window


            Search the ACMA RADCOM website

Go to the ACMA RADCOM website to use in full screen
Best viewed in FireFox, SeaMonkey, Opera or Chrome
(basically any browser apart from Internet Explorer)

Step 4  Find Mobile Phone Towers Near Your Location

Locate the EXACT position of the cell tower that you found using the ACMA/RADCOM site
Draw a path from your location to the cell tower tower of interest
Do a rough check of the terrain and any obstacles that lie in the path.

 
Assess the terrain between your location and the cell tower

4.1  Locate tower in Google Earth.

   

A. Click on the little blue dot
B
. Click the [KML] link to open the location in Google Earth.
 

C. Select "Open with" and press OK.
D. A new Google Earth Place marker is dropped at the location of the tower.
     Click the to view site summary & links to site details.

Notes:
The Site Coordinates shown in the bubble are in AGD66 datum format whereas the coordinates sent to Google Earth are in the appropriate WGS84 format.
The difference between these datum types is about 200m. Luckily the KML link of the Site Bubble converts the coordinates and opens the location in Google Earth using the correct datum type.
It is very important to locate the exact position of both the tower and your location because a difference of 10m in position might produce a significant difference in signal strength result, depending on the terrain.

Remember to Save your places at this point.

 

You may need to use Street View to find the ACTUAL tower location.

Fly to tower location

 C. If the location of the tower is not obvious from the first Sky View, you may need to use Street view to visually locate the tower.
 1. With the mouse, click-n-drag the Street View icon to a position where it appears you'll get a good view of the tower.
 2. Scanning around look for the tower. It may help to draw a line to where you expect the tower to be.
 3. Drop a Place marker Pin at the exact Tower location and name it.  

Fly to tower location
 

4.2 Draw the Path

Draw Path

A. Zoom out so that you can see both your place marker and the tower marker.

B. Click the ADD PATH icon select the [Style, Color] tab.
 - Set the Color to RED or BLUE, something that stands out.
 - Set the Width to about 2.0

C. Zoom out so that you can see both your place marker and the tower marker.

4.2  Show the Elevation Profile

Draw Path

A. Right-mouse-click on the Line you've just drawn and select Show Elevation Path.

TIP. The profile becomes more accurate as you zoom in on parts of the path line. Double click on sections of the elevation profile to zoom in and load that section of the contour.

Things to note about the above example:

A. Note the position highlighted red above, at the position of the first hill (obstacle) closest to your location.
    This hill is about 14m higher than your location and may obstruct the Line-of-Sight (LOS) to the tower.

B. The distance is only 7.2km which is quite a short distance and will give stronger signal to counter act the effect of obstacles in the path.
    This also means that the effect of the earth's curvature will be negligible.
    Distances of 26km must take into account the curvature of the earth.
    Google Earth does not account of this curvature, so we need to use a more sophisticated calculator .

C. This example Cell Tower is quite elevated in altitude. This will also help with getting signal over obstacles. 


Step 5  Calculations

More Accurate Calculations of Signal Strength

In this step the Ligo Wave Link Calculator is used

1. Enter the values in order of importance (refer to default settings list below):
a. Select Metric System
b. Enter Radio Type "Custom" for both TX and RX
c. Enter Antenna Info copy/paste from the ACMA website.
d. Enter Metric copy/paste from your place marker in Google Earth.
e. Enter Latitude and Longitude paste in as Decimal degrees with a "S" or "E" see example/defaults.
f. Enter all other values following the guide below. Note for brevity, Name is not mandatory

Enter the details



1. Press Calculate Link:
The most important result is the Signal Level at RX site.
↑ -51 ~ -73 dBm is Excellent signal, 5/5 bars.
-75 to -83 dBm is Good signal, 3-4/5 bars.
-85 to- 95 dBm is Fair signal, 2-3/5 bars.
-97 to -113 ↓ dBm is Marginal to None 0-1/5 0 bars.
These are typical values which may vary between modem models, For mobile phones these values are generally lower, with good signal down to -105dBm
Some phones such as the iPhone represent signal quality, rather than signal strength via the bar bisplay

Calculate results
 

 

Default Settings, Hints and Explanation for LinkCalc.


TX SITE   RX SITE 
Name
Paste the site Name from ACMA Site Search
Radio Type   Radio Type - Custom 
Latitude
Latitude of the Tower ( eg. 28.041951 S )
Longitude
Longitude of the Tower ( eg. 153.293677 E )
Antenna Info
Height:
 30
m (AGL) Gain:
 17
dBi
Tower Antenna Height:
See: DEVICE_REGISTRATION_ID
Tower Antenna Gain:
See:
ACMA ANTENNA_ID
TX Power
Use a conservative value: 34.
Cell Tower transmitters can be higher power than this, but this is a two-way communications system. The transmitter in your device is a much lower power than the Tower transmitter.
Name
Give Your Location a name.
Radio Type  Radio Type - Custom
Latitude
Latitude of Your Location ( eg. 27.986807 S )
Longitude
Longitude of Your Location ( eg. 153.335586 E )
Antenna Info
 4.00
m   (AGL) Gain:
16
dBi
TX Threshold
-85
dBm  
This is the "unsatisfactory" signal level below which, connectivity could be considered unstable.
Modems: -85           Mobile Phones: -100

 

OTHER PARAMETERS

 
Frequency
typ: 803 890 960 1880 2170 2400 2700 (Upper Freq)
Polarization   Horizontal            Vertical
Misc. Loss (eg. cable loss)
6
dBm 
(optional)
Coax, connector and Patch Cable loss : Table here
Foliage Depth
10
m    (optional)
Height of trees forest canopy, or other vegetation
Site Climate  Climate Type
Units   English System        Metric System
ITU Rain Rate (0.01%)  
50
mm   (optional) Rain Rate
 
Acronym Description Acceptable values
RSSI:

Received Signal Strength Indication
RSSI is a dBm signal strength indicator of the wideband signal for the band to which the device is connected.

RSSI is a value that takes into account both RSCP and Ec/I0.
 

Calculated as follows:
RSSI [dBm] = RSCP [dBm] – Ec/I0 [dB]

The higher (less negative) the RSSI value,
the better the signal quality.

Range (dBm)
Rating Expected Connectivity
↑ -51
to -73
Excellent Should not be affected by cell breathing/loading
-75 to -83 Good Normally no problem.
Should hold a connection, even with heavy cell loading.
-85 to- 95 Fair Workable under good conditions where interference from neighboring towers is not present. Could suffer poor data speeds and occasional dropped connection.
-97 to -113↓ Marginal Low data speeds and regular disconnects due to cell loading/breathing and dropped connections.
RSCP:

Received Signal Code Power
The pilot channel power level received by the mobile handset or modem for the connected cell (code signal) . Different cells using the same carrier are compared using this value to make cell re-election and cell handover decisions.

Ec/Io:

Energy per chip (Ec)
to total received power (Io) ratio.
This is the ratio between the connected code signal (RSCP) from the cell tower and the total noise, interference from other towers and non code signals (RSSI).

Higher (less negative) values can indicate a better signal quality.
However EC/Io is often misleading due to the nature of the interfering signals, and varies with the number uf users connected to the cell.
This value is less than 1 and negative when expressed as dBm.


Calculated as follows:

Ec/I0 [dB] = RSCP [dBm] – RSSI [dBm]

Cell ID:  The ID number of the Cell tower For Fixed Wireless installations, this value should not change.
If Cell ID changes at particular times of the day, especially at peak hour traffic times, this indicates that the tower you normally connect to is over loaded/oversubscribed.
 




Still Confused, Need Assistance?.

Need more help to determine which antenna will best suit you?


We understand that most people just want to get their Mobile Phone or Mobile Broadband service working without having to learn all about it. Some of our customers are indeed "tinkerers" or "enthusiests" but mostly they just want something that works properly, and get on with life..

So we offer our site survey service to analyse your 3G or 4G services and suggest a recommendation as to which antenna system will be best suited to your requirements and budget.
- We'll find Cell Tower's that service your exact position.
- Examine which towers have 3G, NextG, DC-HSPA+, 4G and 4G MIMO for your carrier of choice.
- Calculate an estimate of the signal you should get and the Antenna System you will need to get it.

Please send us a eBay message to enquire.

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